NCERT Solutions Class 10 for Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries : In this post, we will share with you all the detailed NCERT Solutions of Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries. This will contain both in-text and back-exercise questions for Science and Social Science, and all exercise questions for Mathematics. For all school and board level examinations, doing all the NCERT Questions is a must.

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Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 – Manufacturing Industries

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Exercise Questions (Page 79)

Question 1:
Multiple choice questions.

(i) Which one of the following industries uses limestone as a raw material.

a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Sugar
(d) Jute

Answer (i):
(b) Cement

(ii) Which one of the following agencies markets steel for the public sector plants?

a) HAIL
(b) SAIL
(c ) TATA Steel
(d) MNCC

Answer (ii):
(b) SAIL

(iii) Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material?

a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c ) Jute
(d) Steel

Answer (iii)
(a) Aluminium

(iv) Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc?

a) Steel
(b) Electronic
(c ) Aluminium
(d) Information Technology

Answer (iv):
(b) Electronic

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Question 2:
Answer the following briefly in not more than 30 words.

(i) What is manufacturing?

Answer (i):
Manufacturing is the production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products. For e.g.,- paper is manufactured from wood, sugar from sugarcane, iron and steel from iron ore and aluminium from bauxite.

(ii) Name any three physical factors for the location of the industry.

Answer (ii):
Three physical factors for the location of the industry are:

1. Availability of raw materials
2. Closeness to market
3. Availability of power
   For e.g., – Jute textile industry is concentrated in West Bengal as the jute producing areas lie in the Hugli basin and there is cheap water transport for transportation and for processing of jute.

(iii) Name any three human factors for the location of an industry

Answer (iii):
Three human factors for the location of an industry are:

1.Labour
2.Capital
3.loseness to cities

For e.g., – Jute textile industry in West Bengal gets cheap labour from the adjoining states, and Kolkata is a large urban centre for banking, insurance and port facilities.

(iv) What are the basic industries? Give an example.

Answer (iv):
Basic or key industries are the industries which supply their product or raw materials to manufacture other goods.

Example – Iron and steel industries provide iron and steel to other industries as the raw material.

(v) Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement?

Answer (v):
Limestone, silica, alumina, and gypsum are important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement.

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Question 3:
Write the answers to the following questions in 120 words.

(i) How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to a rise in the production capacity?

Answer (i):
Integrated steel plants are large and handle everything in one complex – from putting together raw material to steel making, rolling and shaping.

Mini steel plants are smaller, have electric furnaces, use steel scrap and sponge iron. They have re-rollers that use steel ingots as well. They produce mild and alloy steel of given specifications.

The challenges faced by the steel industry are:

1.High cost and limited availability of coking coal
2.Lower productivity of labour
3.Irregular supply of energy
4.Poor infrastructure
Recent developments such as liberalisation and foreign direct investment (FDI) have given a boost to the industry with the efforts of private entrepreneurs.

(ii) How do industries pollute the environment?

Answer (ii):
Industries are responsible for four types of pollution:

1.Air
2.Water
3.Land
4.Noise
Air pollution is caused by the presence of a high proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide and airborne particulate matter.

Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes, and effluents discharged into water bodies. Paper, refineries and tanneries are the main culprits.

Soil and water pollution are closely related. Dumping of waste makes the soil useless for agricultural activities. The pollutants then reach the groundwater through the soil and contaminate it.

Noise pollution is caused by industrial machinery and construction activities.

(iii) Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry.

Answer (iii):
Minimizing the use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it, is done in two or more successive stages.

• Harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements.
• Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them into rivers and ponds.

Treatment of industrial effluents can be done in three phases:

• Primary treatment by mechanical means.This involves screening, grinding, flocculation, and sedimentation.
• Secondary treatment by biological process.
• Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical, and physical processes. This involves the recycling of wastewater.

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For More Content related to Class 10 –

• Get NCERT Solutions of all Science Chapters of Class 10
• Get NCERT Solutions of all Mathematics Chapters of Class 10
• Get NCERT Solutions of all Social Science Chapters of Class 10
• Get Notes, PYQs, Free E-Books, and other material for Class 10
• Join our Telegram Channel for Latest Updates here

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