NCERT Solutions Class 10 for Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources : In this post, we will share with you all the detailed NCERT Solutions of Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources. This will contain both in-text and back-exercise questions for Science and Social Science, and all exercise questions for Mathematics. For all school and board level examinations, doing all the NCERT Questions is a must.

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Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

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Exercise Questions (Page 63-64)

Question 1:
Multiple choice questions.

(i)Which one of the following minerals are formed by the decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?

(a) Coal
(b) Bauxite
(c ) Gold
(d) Zinc

Answer (i):
(b) Bauxite

(ii)Koderma, in Jharkhand, is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?

(a) Bauxite
(b) Mica
(c ) Iron Ore
(d) Copper

Answer (ii)
(b) Mica

(iii)Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the strata of which of the following rocks?

(a) Sedimentary Rocks
(b) Metamorphic Rocks
(c ) Igneous Rocks
(d) None of the above

Answer (iii)
(a) Sedimentary Rocks

(iv)Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?

(a) Oil
(b) Uranium
(c ) Thorium
(d) Coal

Answer (iv)
(c ) Thorium

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Question 2:
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.

a.Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
b.Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy

Answer (i)
a.Ferrous Minerals:
Ferrous minerals account for about three-fourths of the total value of the production of metallic minerals. They provide a strong base for the development of metallurgical industries. India exports substantial quantities of ferrous minerals after meeting her internal demands.

Non-ferrous Minerals:
India’s reserves and production of non- ferrous minerals is not very satisfactory. However, these minerals, which include copper, bauxite, lead, zinc, and gold, play a vital role in a number of metallurgical, engineering, and electrical industries. Let us study the distribution of copper and bauxite.

b.Conventional sources of energy include firewood, cattle dung cake, coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity (both hydel and thermal).

While non-conventional sources of energy are solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas and atomic energy.

(ii) What is a mineral?

Answer (ii)
Geologists define a mineral as a “homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.” Minerals are found in varied forms in nature, ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest one. Minerals are an indispensable part of our lives. Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin to a towering building or a big ship, all are made from minerals. The railway lines and the tarmac (paving) of the roads, our implements and machinery too are made from minerals. Cars, buses, trains, aeroplanes are manufactured from minerals and run on power resources derived from the earth. Even the food that we eat contains minerals. In all stages of development, human beings have used minerals for their livelihood, decoration, festivities, religious and ceremonial rites.

(iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?

Answer (iii)
In igneous and metamorphic rocks, minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger are called lodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid, molten and gaseous forms are forced upward through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidify as they rise. Major metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead etc. are obtained from veins and lodes.

(iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Answer (iv)
Mineral deposits form only one per cent of the earth’s crust. We need to conserve mineral resources because the geological processes of mineral formation are so slow that the rates of replenishment are very small in comparison to the current rate of consumption.

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Question 3:
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i) Describe the distribution of coal in India.

Answer (i)
In India, coal can be found in rock series of two main geological ages:

• Gondwana (200 million years old)
• Tertiary deposits (55 million years old)

The major resources of Gondwana coal are located in:

1. Damodar Valley (West Bengal – Jharkhand) – Jharia, Raniganj and Bokaro are important coalfields.
2. Godavari valley
3. Mahanadi valley
4. Son valley
5. Wardha valley
6. Tertiary coal occurs in the northeastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.

(ii) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?

Answer (ii)
Solar Energy has a bright future in India because we are a tropical country with enormous possibilities of tapping solar energy. Solar energy is fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas. India’s largest solar power plant is located at Madhapur, near Bhuj, where solar energy is used to sterilise milk cans. It is expected that the use of solar energy will be able to minimise the dependence of rural households on firewood and dung cakes, which in turn will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate supply of manure in agriculture.

Solar energy is a non-conventional source of energy which is also renewable. Use of solar energy will not only be good for the environment, but it will also reduce our dependence on oil and gas.

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For More Content related to Class 10 –

• Get NCERT Solutions of all Science Chapters of Class 10
• Get NCERT Solutions of all Mathematics Chapters of Class 10
• Get NCERT Solutions of all Social Science Chapters of Class 10
• Get Notes, PYQs, Free E-Books, and other material for Class 10
• Join our Telegram Channel for Latest Updates here

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