MCQs for Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution

MCQs for Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution: In this article, we have covered all the important MCQs for Free for Class 10 Term 1 2021-22 Board Exams. In accordance with the latest pattern, Padhle is here with MCQ Questions for Class 10.

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Class 10 for MCQ Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution

Question 1:
The sequence of gradual changes which takes place in the primitive organisms over millions of years in which new species are produced is known as
(a) Evolution
(b) Heredity
(c) Generation
(d) Inheritance

Answer. (a) Evolution

Question 2:
Human teeth and elephant’s tusk are
(a) Analogous organs
(b) Vestigeal organs
(c) Homologous organs
(d) Rudimentary organs

Answer: (c) Homologous organs

Question 3:
Heredity And Evolution Class 10 MCQ Question 1. Process of selecting individuals with desired characters by man is called
(a) Hybridization
(b) Reproduction
(c) Artificial selection
(d) Natural selection

Answer: (c) Artificial selection

Question 4:
If a normal cell of human body contains 46 pairs of chromosomes then the numbers of chromosomes in a sex cell of a human being is most likely to be:
(a) 60
(b) 23
(c) 22
(d) 40

Answer: (b) 23

Question 5:
Independent inheritance of two separate traits, shape and colour of seeds in Mendel’s cross on pea plants resulted in a observable ratio of:
(a) 3 : 1
(b) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(c) 1 : 1
(d) 9 : 4 : 2 : 1

Answer: (b) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1

Question 6:
Which one of the following pairs are homologous organs?
(a) Forelimbs of a bird and wings of a bat.
(b) Wings of a bird and wings of a butterfly.
(c) Pectoral fins of a fish and forelimbs of a horse.
(d) Wings of a bat and wings of a cockroach.

Answer: (a) Forelimbs of a bird and wings of a bat.

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Question 7:
In the human blood grouping, the four basic blood types are type A, type B, type AB, and type O. They are:
(a) Simple dominant and recessive traits
(b) Co-dominant traits
(c) Recessive traits
(d) Inherited traits

Ans: (b) Co-dominant traits

Question 8:
Which of these is not a vestigial organ in human beings?
(a) Appendix
(b) Wisdom tooth
(c) Nictitating membrane
(d) Gall bladder

Answer: (d) Gall bladder

Question 9:
The theory of evolution of species by natural selection was given by
(a) Mendel
(b) Darwin
(c) Lamarck
(d) Weismann

Answer: (b) Darwin

Question 10:
A pregnant woman has an equal chance of her baby being blood group A or blood group AB. Which one of the following shows the possible genotypes of the woman and the father of her child?
(a) I^A I^A and I^B I^O
(b) I^A I^B and I^B I^O
(c) I^A I^O and I^B I^O
(d) I^O I^B and I^A I^O

Answer. (a) I^A I^A and I^B I^O

Question 11:
Evolution of wild cabbage is an example of:
(a) Artificial selection
(b) Natural selection
(c) Mutation
(d) Genetic drift

Answer: (a) Artificial selection

Question 12:
A cross between a tall pea-plant (TT) and a short pea-plant (tt) resulted in progenies that were all tall plants because
(a) tallness is the recessive trait.
(b) shortness is the dominant trait.
(c) height of pea-plant is not governed by gene T or t.
(d) tallness is the dominant trait.

Answer: (b) shortness is the dominant trait.

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Question 13:
What will be the number of chromosomes present in each gamete produced by the plants if the palisade cells of a species of plant contain 28 chromosomes in all?
(a) 56
(b) 28
(c) 14
(d) 4

Answer. (c) 14

Question 14:
The modern day Human species has evolved from its earliest ancestors who lived in:
(a) Asia
(b) Australia
(c) Africa
(d) China

Answer: (c) Africa

Question 15:
The number of pairs of sex chromosomes in the zygote of a human being is
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 1
(d) 4

Answer: (c) 1

Question 16:
A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short plant (tt) resulted in progeny that were all tall plants as:
(a) Tallness is the dominant trait
(b) Shortness is the dominant trait
(c) Tallness is the recessive trait
(d) Height of plant is not governed by gene t or t

Answer. (a) Tallness is the dominant trait

Question 17:
Two pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The nature of the cross will be
(a) double fertilisation
(b) self pollination
(c) cross-fertilisation
(d) no fertilisation

Answer: (b) self pollination

Question 18:
A zygote that has an X-chromosome inherited from the father will develop into a
(a) girl
(b) boy
(c) either boy or girl
(d) X-chromosome does not influence the sex of a child.

Answer: (a) girl

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Question 19:
In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a pure short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to pure short plants in F₂ generation will be:
(a) 1 : 3
(b) 3 : 1
(c) 1 : 1
(d) 2 : 1

Answer. (c) 1 : 1

Question 20:
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) For every hormone there is a gene.
(b) For every protein there is a gene.
(c) For production of every enzyme there is a gene.
(d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene

Answer: (d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene

Question 21:
A man with blood group A marries a woman having blood group O. What will be the blood group of the child?
(a) O only
(b) A only
(c) AB
(d) Equal chance of acquiring blood group A or blood group O.

Answer: (d) Equal chance of acquiring blood group A or blood group O.

Question 22:
In human males, all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. These unpaired chromosomes are:
(i) Large chromosome
(ii) Small chromosome
(iii) Y chromosome
(iv) X chromosome

(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (ii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer. (c) (iii) and (iv)

Question 23:
If a round, green seeded pea plant (RR yy) is crossed with wrinkled, yellow seeded pea plant (rr YY), the seeds produced in F1 generation are
(a) round and yellow
(b) round and green
(c) wrinkled and green
(d) wrinkled and yellow

Answer: (a) round and yellow

Question 24:
What does the progeny of a tall plant with round seeds and a short plant with wrinkled seeds look like?
(a) All are tall with round seeds.
(b) All are short with round seeds.
(c) All are tall with wrinkled seeds.
(d) All are short with wrinkled seeds.

Answer: (a) All are tall with round seeds.

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Question 25:
Which of the following determines the sex of a child?
(a) The length of the mother’s pregnancy
(b) The length of time between ovulation and copulation
(c) The presence of an X chromosome in an ovum
(d) The presence of a Y chromosome in a sperm

Answer. (d) The presence of a Y chromosome in a sperm

Question 26:
In human males all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/these unpaired chromosome is/are
(i) large chromosome
(ii) small chromosome
(iii) Y-chromosome
(iv) X-chromosome
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) only
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer: (c) (iii) and (iv)

Question 27:
If a round, green seeded pea-plant (RRyy) is crossed with a wrinkled yellow seeded pea- plant (rrYY), the seeds produced in F₁ generation are
(a) round and green
(b) round and yellow
(c) wrinkled and green
(d) wrinkled and yellow

Answer: (b) round and yellow

Question 28:
Which is the one characteristic of the parents that can be inherited by their children?
(a) Deep scar on chin
(b) Snub nose
(c) Technique of swimming
(d) Cut nose

Answer. (b) Snub nose

Question 29:
New species may be formed if
(i) DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cells
(ii) chromosome number changes in the gamete
(iii) there is no change in the genetic material
(iv) mating does not take place
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii)

Answer: (a) (i) and (ii)

Question 30:
The human species has genetic roots in
(a) Australia
(b) Africa
(c) America
(d) Indonesia

Answer: (b) Africa

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Question 31:
What could be the reason for the fossil of an organism to be found in the deeper layers of the earth?
(a) The extinction of organism has occurred few years back
(b) The extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago
(c) The position of fossil in the layers of earth is not related to its time of extinction
(d) Time of extinction cannot be determined.

Answer. (b) The extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago

Question 32:
Two pea plants one with round green seeds (RRyy) and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY) seeds produce F₁ progeny that have round, yellow (RrYy) seeds. When F₁ plants are selfed, the F₂ progeny will have new combination of characters. Choose the new combination from the following:
(i) Round, yellow
(ii) Round, green
(iii) Wrinkled, yellow
(iv) Wrinkled, green

(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (iii)

Answer: (b) (i) and (iv)

Question 33:
Which of the following is the ancestor of ‘Broccoli’?
(a) Cabbage
(b) Cauliflower
(c) Wild cabbage
(d) Kale

Answer: (c) Wild cabbage

Question 34:
The organs present in two organisms indicate that they are derived from the same ancestor are:
(a) Analogous Organs
(b) Respiratory Organs
(c) Sense organs
(d) Homologous Organs

Answer. (d) Homologous Organs

Question 35:
A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and tomato. Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?
(a) Carrot and potato
(b) Carrot and tomato
(c) Radish and carrot
(d) Radish and potato

Answer: (c) Radish and carrot

Question 36:
The process of evolution of a species whereby characteristics which help individual organisms to survive and reproduce are passed on to their offspring and those characteristics which do not help are not passed on is called
(a) Artificial selection
(b) Speciation
(c) Hybridization
(d) Natural selection

Answer: (d) Natural selection

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Question 37:
Which of the following pair of organ is not homologous?
(a) Forelimbs in humans and lizard
(b) Forelimbs in lizard and frog
(c) Wings in butterfly and bat
(d) None of these

Answer. (c) Wings in butterfly and bat

Question 38:
If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layers of Earth, then we can predict that
(a) the extinction of organism has occurred recently
(b) the extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago
(c) the fossil position in the layers of Earth is not related to its time of extinction
(d) time of extinction cannot be determined

Answer: (b) the extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago

Question 39:
Identify the two organisms which are now extinct and are studied from their fossils.
(a) white tiger and sparrow
(b) dinosaur and fish (Knightian)
(c) ammonite and white tiger
(d) trilobite and white tiger

Answer: (b) dinosaur and fish (Knightian)

Question 40:
Two pink colored flowers on crossing resulted in 1 and 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The nature of cross will be :
(a) Double fertilization
(b) Self pollination
(c) Cross pollination
(d) No fertilization

Answer: (c) Cross pollination

Question 41:
A trait in an organism is influenced by
(a) paternal DNA only
(b) maternal DNA only
(c) both maternal and paternal DNA
(d) neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA

Answer: (c) both maternal and paternal DNA

Question 42:
Pure-bred pea plant A is crossed with purebred pea plant B. It is found that the plants which look like A do not appear in Fj generation but re-emerge in F2 generation. Which of the plants A and B are tall and dwarf?
(a) A are tall and B are dwarf.
(b) A are tall and B are also tall.
(c) A are dwarf and B are also dwarf
(d) A are dwarf and B are tall

Answer: (d) A are dwarf and B are tall

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Question 43:
Select the incorrect statement :
(a) Frequency of certain genes in a population change over several generations resulting in evolution
(b) Reduction in weight of organism due to starvation is genetically controlled
(c) Low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny
(d) Traits which are not inherited over generation do not cause evolution

Answer: (b) Reduction in weight of organism due to starvation is genetically controlled

Question 44:
Select the group which shares maximum number of common characters.
(a) two individuals of a species
(b) two species of a genus
(c) two genera of a family
(d) two genera of two families

Answer: (a) two individuals of a species

Question 45:
A cross between two individuals results in a ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 :1 for four possible phenotypes of progeny. This is an example of a
(a) Monohybrid cross
(b) Dihybrid cross
(c) Test cross
(d) F1 generation

Answer: (b) Dihybrid cross

Question 46:
The maleness of a child is determined by ___.
(a) X chromosome in zygote
(b) Y chromosome in zygote
(c) The cytoplasm of germ cells which determines the sex
(d) Sex is determined by chance

Answer: (b) Y chromosome in zygote

Question 47:
According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally due to
(а) sudden creation by nature
(b) accumulation of variations over several generations
(c) clones formed during asexual reproduction
(d) movement of individuals from one habitat to another

Answer: (b) accumulation of variations over several generations

Question 48:
Select the statements that describe characteristics of genes
(i) genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule
(ii) a gene does not code for proteins
(iii) in individuals of a given species, a specific gene is located on a particular chromosome
(iv) each chromosome has only one gene

(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer: (b) (i) and (iii)

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Question 49:
Which of the following characters can be acquired but not inherited?
(a) Colour of skin
(b) Size of body
(c) Colour of eyes
(d) Texture of hair

Answer: (b) Size of body

Question 50:
Those organs which have different basic structure but have similar appearance and perform similar functions are called
(a) Analogous organs
(b) Homologous organs
(c) Vestigial organs
(d) None of these

Answer: (a) Analogous organs

Question 51:
The exchange in genetic material takes place in _____.
(a) vegetative propagation
(b) Asexual reproduction
(c) sexual reproduction
(d) budding

Answer: (c) sexual reproduction

Question 52:
___is used for studying human evolution .
(a) Excavating
(b) Time dating
(c) Determining DNA sequence
(d) All

Answer: (d) All

Question 53:
The preserved traces of living organisms are called ________.
(a) Fossils
(b) Species
(c) Non living materials
(d) None

Answer: (a) Fossils

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Question 54:
Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly but birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution this means that
(a) reptiles have evolved from birds
(b) there is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds
(c) feathers are homologous structures in both the organisms
(d) birds have evolved from reptiles

Answer: (d) birds have evolved from reptiles

Question 55:
The remaps (or impressions) of dead animals or plant that lived in the remote past are known as
(a) extinct species
(b) fossils
(c) naturally selected species
(d) none of the above

Answer: (b) fossils

Question 56:
Which of the following is an example of genetic variation?
(a) One person has a scar, but his friend does not.
(b) One person is older than another.
(c) Reeta eats meat, but her sister Geeta is a vegetarian.
(d) Two children have different eye colors.

Answer: (d) Two children have different eye colors.

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Question 58:
What is the difference between genetic drift and change due to natural selection?
(a) Genetic drift does not require the presence of variation.
(b) Genetic drift never occurs in nature, natural selection does.
(c) Genetic drift does not involve competition between members of a species.
(d) There is no difference

Answer: (c) Genetic drift does not involve competition between members of a species.

Question 59:
Heredity And Evolution MCQ Question 31. Wild cabbage has evolved into new varieties like cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower by
(a) genetic drift
(b) natural selection
(c) reproductive isolation
(d) artificial selection

Answer: (d) artificial selection

Question 60:
DNA is the information source for making ___in cells .
A) fats
B) vitamins
C) proteins
D) all

Answer: C) proteins

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